Interkoneksi Kemiskinan dan Ketahanan Ekonomi Dalam Mewujudkan Pembangunan Manusia Inklusif Studi Pada Kota Parepare, Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract

Inclusive human development in Indonesia's medium-sized coastal cities faces structural challenges in the form of persistent poverty and limited household economic resilience that mutually undermine each other. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the interconnection patterns of poverty and economic resilience and their simultaneous impact on the Human Development Index (HDI) in Parepare City, South Sulawesi, while formulating evidence-based policy recommendations that support the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Methods: A mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design was applied using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-AMOS) on 385 households selected through stratified random sampling from four districts. Secondary data from BPS Parepare City for the period 2020–2024 were analyzed longitudinally. Validation was conducted through 30 in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Results: Poverty had a significant negative effect on HDI (β = −0.58; p < 0.001), while economic resilience had a significant positive effect (β = 0.62; p < 0.001). The model explained 61% of HDI variation (R² = 0.61) with excellent goodness-of-fit indicators (CFI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.052). Conclusion: Strengthening economic resilience is proven to be a more powerful interventional pathway than mere poverty reduction in driving human development. This study produces a contextual interconnection model for Indonesia's medium-sized coastal cities and recommends a paradigm shift in development from a social assistance-based approach toward community-based productive economic capacity building